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Logo of 3D nature software, for use at the article about the subject ; Source : Chris Hanson, principal at 3D Nature ; Date : 2006 ; Copyright : 2006 Chris Hanson and 3D Nature, LLC3D television (3DTV) is television that conveys depth perception to the viewer by employing techniques such as stereoscopic display, multi-view display, 2D-plus-depth, or any other form of 3D display. Most modern 3D television sets use an active shutter 3D system or a polarized 3D system, and some are autostereoscopic without the need of glasses.

Contents [hide]

1 History

2 Technologies

2.1 Displaying technologies

2.2 Producing technologies

2.3 3D production

3 TV sets

3.1 3D-ready TV sets

3.2 Full 3D TV sets

4 Standardization efforts

4.1 DVB 3D-TV standard

5 Broadcasts

5.1 3D Channels

5.2 List of 3D Channels

5.3 3D episodes and shows

5.3.1 1980s

5.3.2 1990s

5.3.3 2000s

5.3.4 2010s

6 World record

7 Health effects

8 See also

9 References

History[edit]

Further information: 3D film

The stereoscope was first invented by Sir Charles Wheatstone in 1838.[1][2] It showed that when two pictures are viewed stereoscopically, they are combined by the brain to produce 3D depth perception. The stereoscope was improved by Louis Jules Duboscq, and a famous picture of Queen Victoria was displayed at The Great Exhibition in 1851. In 1855 the Kinematoscope was invented. In the late 1890s, the British film pioneer William Friese-Greene filed a patent for a 3D movie process. On 10 June 1915, Edwin S. Porter and William E. Waddell presented tests in red-green anaglyph to an audience at the Astor Theater in New York City and in 1922 the first public 3D movie The Power of Love was displayed.

Stereoscopic 3D television was demonstrated for the first time on 10 August 1928, by John Logie Baird in his company's premises at 133 Long Acre, London.[3] Baird pioneered a variety of 3D television systems using electro-mechanical and cathode-ray tube techniques. In 1935 the first 3D color movie was produced. By the Second World War, stereoscopic 3D still cameras for personal use were already fairly common. In the 1950s, when TV became popular in the United States, many 3D movies were produced for cinema. The first such movie was Bwana Devil from United Artists that could be seen all across the US in 1952. One year later, in 1953, came the 3D movie House of Wax which also featured stereophonic sound. Alfred Hitchcock produced his film Dial M for Murder in 3D, but for the purpose of maximizing profits the movie was released in 2D because not all cinemas were able to display 3D films. The Soviet Union also developed 3D films, with Robinzon Kruzo being its first full-length 3D movie, in 1946.[4]

Technologies[edit]

See also: Stereoscopy, 3D display, and 3D film

There are several techniques to produce and display 3D moving pictures. The following are some of the technical details and methodologies employed in some of the more notable 3D movie systems that have been developed.

The future of 3D television is also emerging as time progresses. New technology like WindowWalls (wall-size displays) and Visible light communication are being implemented into 3D television as the demand for 3D TV increases. Scott Birnbaum, vice president of Samsung's LCD business, says that the demand for 3D TV will skyrocket in the next couple of years, fueled by televised sports. One might be able to obtain information directly onto their television due to new technologies like the Visible Light Communication that allows for this to happen because the LED lights transmit information by flickering at high frequencies.[5]

Displaying technologies[edit]

The basic requirement is to display offset images that are filtered separately to the left and right eye. Two strategies have been used to accomplish this: have the viewer wear eyeglasses to filter the separately offset images to each eye, or have the light source split the images directionally into the viewer's eyes (no glasses required).[6] Common 3D display technology for projecting stereoscopic image pairs to the viewer include:

With filters/lenses:

Anaglyph 3D - with passive color filters

Polarized 3D system - with passive polarization filters

Active shutter 3D system - with active shutters

Head-mounted display - with a separate display positioned in front of each eye, and lenses used primarily to relax eye focus

Without lenses: Autostereoscopic displays, sometimes referred to commercially as Auto 3D.

Others:

In a CEATEC 2011 exhibition, Hitachi released glasses-free 3D projection systems that use a set of 24 projectors, lenses, and translucent half mirrors to superimpose 3D images with a horizontal viewing angle of 60 degrees and a vertical viewing angle of 30 degrees. Besides Hitachi, Sony is also working on similar technologies.[7]

Single-view displays project only one stereo pair at a time. Multi-view displays either use head tracking to change the view depending on the viewing angle, or simultaneous projection of multiple independent views of a scene for multiple viewers (automultiscopic). Such multiple views can be created on the fly using the 2D-plus-depth format.

Various other display techniques have been described, such as holography, volumetric display, and the Pulfrich effect; which was used in Doctor Who Dimensions in Time, in 1993, by 3rd Rock From The Sun in 1997, and by the Discovery Channel's Shark Week in 2000.

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